Keto diet may benefit people with breast cancer In 2020, a global total of 2.3 million women received a breast cancer diagnosis. Extensive research has demonstrated the influence of diet on breast cancer risk. A recent review conducted by the University of Catania in Italy proposes that adopting a ketogenic (keto) diet could offer therapeutic advantages for individuals dealing with breast cancer. The identification of specific risk factors, such as age, gender, and family history, has been established for this type of cancer. Additionally, prior studies have connected certain lifestyle choices, like an unhealthy diet, to a potentially heightened risk of breast cancer. It has been suggested that adhering to a keto diet may not only aid in reducing breast cancer recurrence but also contribute to lower all-cause mortality among breast cancer survivors. The findings of this review were recently published in the journal Nutrients by researchers affiliated with the University of Catania.
How diet can affect breast cancer
Over time, researchers have investigated the diverse ways in which diet can impact breast cancer. Previous studies indicate that engaging in unhealthy dietary habits may elevate the risk of developing breast cancer. Notably, a study published in September 2023 uncovered a connection between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and an increased risk of breast cancer. Additionally, habits like consuming sugar-sweetened sodas have also been linked to a heightened risk for breast cancer.
Conversely, earlier research suggests that adopting a nutritious diet can have positive effects on both the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. A study published in May 2021 revealed that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, cheese, and soy products, along with reduced intake of red and processed meat, was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Establishing good nutritional practices against breast cancer could be effective in alleviating treatment-related toxicities and improving the prognosis for individuals undergoing cancer treatment.
What is the keto diet?
Over time, researchers have investigated the diverse ways in which diet can impact breast cancer. Previous studies indicate that engaging in unhealthy dietary habits may elevate the risk of developing breast cancer. Notably, a study published in September 2023 uncovered a connection between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and an increased risk of breast cancer. Additionally, habits like consuming sugar-sweetened sodas have also been linked to a heightened risk for breast cancer.
Conversely, earlier research suggests that adopting a nutritious diet can have positive effects on both the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. A study published in May 2021 revealed that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, cheese, and soy products, along with reduced intake of red and processed meat, was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Establishing good nutritional practices against breast cancer could be effective in alleviating treatment-related toxicities and improving the prognosis for individuals undergoing cancer treatment.
Summarising knowledge
For this present review, researchers conducted an evaluation of the existing evidence regarding the potential association between the ketogenic (keto) diet and breast cancer. To achieve this, they conducted an extensive literature search encompassing both preclinical and clinical studies investigating this relationship.
Upon scrutinizing the gathered data, the scientists observed a varied range of findings in the current studies. Some suggest that a keto diet might have the potential to inhibit tumor growth and enhance the response to treatment in cases of breast cancer.
Nevertheless, the researchers issued a cautionary note, emphasizing the necessity for clinical trials to substantiate these potential positive effects. They highlighted that the current results exhibit inconsistency and rely on limited human trial data, particularly in addressing concerns about the safety and long-term effects of sustained ketosis in individuals undergoing cancer treatment.
Can the keto diet really help people with breast cancer 2023?
Although some findings from this study may appear positive, experts emphasize that the ketogenic (keto) diet should not be relied upon for the prevention or treatment of breast cancer. Dr. Parvin Peddi, a board-certified medical oncologist and director of Breast Medical Oncology for the Margie Petersen Breast Center at Providence Saint John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, CA, cautioned that the research is in its early stages, and she does not advise individuals diagnosed with cancer or those aiming to prevent breast cancer to adopt a specific diet.
Dr. Peddi highlighted the encouraging aspect of multiple ongoing clinical trials that are meticulously randomizing cancer patients to either a ketogenic or a normal healthy diet. She expressed hope that these trials will yield insights into the potential benefits and, if applicable, the extent of those benefits when combining this diet with therapy for breast cancer. Emphasizing the importance of awaiting the completion and publication of these ongoing clinical trials, she refrained from recommending the keto diet to patients at this time.
Is the keto diet for everyone old?
It’s crucial to recognize that the ketogenic (keto) diet isn’t suitable for everyone. Anabelle Ahdoot, clinical nutrition manager and oncology nutrition specialist at Saint John’s Cancer Institute in Santa Monica, CA, emphasized that if adopting a restrictive diet places an additional burden on an individual with breast cancer, leading to heightened stress and a decline in quality of life, the appropriateness of this diet should be reconsidered.
Ahdoot cautioned against significant weight loss and malnutrition during cancer treatment, stressing that if dietary restrictions result in these issues, the potential harm may outweigh any benefits. Moreover, she pointed out that, like any extreme diet that severely limits or excludes specific foods, the keto diet may contribute to deficiencies and shortcomings over time, creating a proinflammatory environment—an outcome initially sought to be avoided.
“When dealing with cancer, the primary focus should be on preserving the patient’s muscle mass, strength, and overall well-being during medical treatment,” Ahdoot explained. She advised patients to consult their healthcare professionals before making any drastic decisions, including changes to their diet.